To clone a drive you use special cloning software (that we have hehe) to clone your drive. You set your old drive as the source and the new drive as the destination. Assuming neither of your hard drives are damaged, your clone will most likely be successful.
If you have a damaged hard drive there are a few techniques that are used to get get your data back. First, we can attempt a clone from the damaged drive. Even though you might not be able to access your files in your operating system (such as Windows) often drives with minor damage can still be clones and your files will be accessible on your new drive. If the clone fails, you should try cloning with numerous cloning programs to see if one does the trick. If no cloning program is working it is time to use a pre-installation environment to try a manual drag and drop copy from your damaged drive to the new drive. Often the problem with your old drive will be contained to a small number of directories, allowing for most of your data to be recovered. Sometimes, however, all directories will be corrupted or the hard disk will not be readable even in a pre-installation environment.
IF this is the case, you require physical hard drive repair. This is a highly expensive procedure that requires specialist equipment and generally costs thousands of dollars. There is no guarantee that you will get your files back in this case and we do not recommend this for home users.
Moral of the story is remember to back up your important files. Nerd out!!!!!!!!!!